《植物生理学报》 2011, 47(10): 994-1002

珍稀药用植物红根草野生及离体快繁群体的遗传多样性

黄宁珍*, 付传明, 赵志国, 唐凤鸾, 覃艳, 石云平

广西壮族自治区/中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林541006

通信作者：黄宁珍；E-mail: hnzhen68@yahoo.com.cn；Tel: 0773-2900645

摘　要：

红根草是一个有重要药用价值的珍稀濒危药材植物。为了更好地了解红根草野生和组培快繁种质的遗传多样性信 息, 本文用RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术, 对红根草4个野生种群及一个离体快繁群体进行遗传多样性分析, 为物种保护和繁 育提供理论依据。结果显示, 在物种水平上, 该物种的遗传多样性水平中等, Nei基因多样性指数(H)、Shannon信息多样性 指数(I)和多态性位点百分率(PPL)分别为0.237/0.248 (RAPD/ISSR, 下同)、0.365/0.380和78.4%/81.1%; 遗传变异大多(70.5%/81.5%)发生在种群内、少部分(29.5%/18.5%)发生在种群间; 野生种群的基因流为1.21/2.20, 但UPGMA聚类分析结 果表明, 距离35 km以上的种群遗传分化明显, 因此推测基因流动主要存在于种群内, 地理距离是种群分化的主要原因。在 居群水平上, H、I和PPL三项遗传多样性参数分别为0.167/0.202、0.253/0.303和51.7%/58.0%; 离体快繁群体的RAPD分析 结果显示, 其遗传多样性高于其原野生种群, 这一结果暗示, 离体快繁过程中可能发生了体细胞变异, 这些变异与RAPD- PCR区域有关。

关键词：hnzhen68@yahoo.com.cn

收稿：2011-06-27   修定：2011-06-27

资助：广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻0322024-3B和桂科攻0992003B-31)。

Genetic Diversity of Wild and in vitro Proliferation Plants of Salvia prionitis Hance, a Rare Chinese Herb

HUANG Ning-Zhen*, FU Chuan-Ming, ZHAO Zhi-Guo, TANG Feng-Luan, QIN Yan, SHI Yun-Ping

Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China

Corresponding author: HUANG Ning-Zhen; E-mail: hnzhen68@yahoo.com.cn; Tel: 0773-2900645

Abstract:

Salvia prionitis Hance is an endangered and valuable Chinese herb in south of China. In this study, the genetic diversity of four wild and one in vitro proliferation populations of S. prionitis was tested by using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers for finding out genetic diversity information of wild and tissue culture source material and providing theory foundation for species protection and proliferation. RAPDs/ISSRs results indicated that the genetic diversity at species level was moderate. The Nei’s gene diversity index (H), Shannon’s information index (I), and percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) were 0.237/0.248, 0.365/0.380, and 78.4%/81.1% respectively. The large proportion of genetic variation (70.5%/81.5%) resided within populations and only a small proportion (29.5%/18.5%) resided among populations. A high gene flow (1.21/2.20) was found in wild populations. But results of UPGMA cluster analysis showed that clear differentiation resided between populations of which the distance was over 35 km. It suggested that the most of gene flow was within population. Geographic obstructing might be the major reason of population’s differentiation. In population level, the values of H, I, and PPL were 0.167/0.202, 0.253/0.303, and 51.7%/58.0% respectively. However, for the plants in vitro proliferation, the value of H, I, and PPL were abnormal higher than its wild source population when tested by RAPDs. It suggested that somatic mutations probably occurred during tissue culture. And these mutations were likely to relate to RAPD-PCR regions.

Key words: Salvia prionitis Hance; genetic diversity; in vitro proliferation; somatic mutations; RAPD; ISSR